The most common deformities among the congenital anomalies are the hand anomalies. The most common congenital hand anomaly is polydactyly. Here, an extra sixth finger is usually found on the outside of the little finger. The sixth finger can be non-functional, which connects with the hand only with a thin piece of the tissue that allows it to be fed, or it can be in the form of a real finger where all nerve, tendon and bone structures are fully formed.
Another common hand anomaly is syndactyly. Here two or more fingers are adjacent. The connection between the two fingers is made by a skin adhesion that extends across the partial or entire finger. Sometimes, the adhesions between the finger bones can accompany the anomaly. The surgery is usually performed after 3 to 4 years of age, by waiting for the normal development and function of the hand and fingers. However, if there is an increase in the deformation with age, the surgery should be performed in an earlier period. With the surgery, the fingers are functionally separated from each other by preserving their nerve and vascular integrity. The tissue gap to be formed is closed by the tissue displacement from the surrounding structures and skin transplantation from another part of the body.
Other common congenital hand anomalies are short, missing or deformed fingers, immobile tendons, and abnormal nerves or vessels. In most patients, these defects can be removed surgically.
Similar to these anenales can also be seen on the toes.